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Definitions of Intellectual Disability

ICD-10 (The ICD-10-CM International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, Clinical Modification) Mental retardation is a condition of arrested or incomplete development of the mind, which is especially characterized by impairment of skills manifested during the developmental period, which contribute to the overall level of intelligence, i.e., cognitive, language, motor, and social abilities. AAIDD (The American … Continue reading Definitions of Intellectual Disability →

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)

Autism, or autism spectrum disorder (ASD), refers to a broad range of conditions characterized by challenges with social skills, repetitive behaviors, speech and nonverbal communication. Autism was originally defined by Leo Kanner in 1943 as an innate inability to create normal, biologically determined, emotional contact with others. The primacy of the social deficit is widely … Continue reading Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) →

Deaf Blindness

Think about this: A child who is deaf or hard of hearing- Learns through vision. A child who is blind or visually impaired- learns through hearing. A child who is Deaf Blind- Learns through touch. What is deaf blindness? According to the IDEA, Deaf Blindness is defined as concomitant (simultaneous) hearing and visual impairment, the … Continue reading Deaf Blindness →

Multiple Disabilities

DEFINITION According to the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act’s (IDEA) "Multiple disabilities" means concomitant impairments i.e which occurs naturally such as mental retardation-blindness, mental retardation-orthopedic impairment etc., The combination of which causes such severe educational needs that they cannot be accommodated in special education programs solely for one of the impairments. The term does not … Continue reading Multiple Disabilities →

Provisions and Schemes of MoSJE for Vocational Skill Development

The Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment (MoSJE) is a Government of India ministry. It is responsible for welfare, social justice and empowerment of disadvantaged and marginalized sections of society, including the disabled population. In order to give focused attention to Policy issues and meaningful thrust to the activities, aimed at welfare and empowerment of … Continue reading Provisions and Schemes of MoSJE for Vocational Skill Development →

Documentation, Result Interpretation and Report Writing of Assessment

DOCUMENTATION OF ASSESSMENT Documentation simply means keeping a record of what is observed while students are engaged in a learning experience. (while playing, learning and exploring) Records might include teacher observations which focus on specific skills, concepts, or characteristics outlined in the curriculum. Daily observations may be both planned or spontaneous to ensure that all … Continue reading Documentation, Result Interpretation and Report Writing of Assessment →

Various Approaches of Educational Assessment

TYPES AND APPROACHES 1. Norm-Referenced Test Norm-referenced refers to tests that are designed to compare and rank test takers in relation to one another. It reports whether test takers performed better or worse than an average student, which is determined by comparing scores against the performance results of a  group of the same age or … Continue reading Various Approaches of Educational Assessment →